I have been working on a presentation on access rights in the UK today. This presentation will be assessed for one part of the studies I am doing in Levanger, the part I call 'the theory bit'. Several interesting comparisons have come up during my research.
In England, excluding Scotland and Wales, the public now has the right to roam on access land, which totals 940,000 hectares. This is just over 7% of the total land of England. In Norway, the public have nearly untrammelled access to any land that is not residential or agricultural. This gives a right to roam on around 95% of the land. During the winter the public has the right to pass over farmland that is frozen or covered in snow- another 3%.
The
CRoW Act allows the English public to walk, climb and birdwatch on access land. Activites that are not permitted are:
Driving or riding any vehicle
Using a vessel or sailboard on any non-tidal water
Having with you any animal other than a dog
Lighting or tending a fire
Intentionally killing or disturbing any wildlife
Intentionally damaging or destroying any eggs, nests or plants
Feeding livestock,
Bathing in any non-tidal water
Hunting, shooting or fishing
Using a metal detector,
Obstructing the flow of any drain or watercourse
Neglecting to shut any gate, except where it is intended to be left open,
Engaging in any organised games, or in camping, hang-gliding or para-gliding
Engaging in any activity which is organised or undertaken (whether by him or her or another) for any commercial purpose.
It is to be noted that the list of activities the public are not permitted to do is far larger than the list of permitted activities. Did you know that on a right-of-way you may only stop to 'have lunch or admire the view'?
Using the words of the Swedish Environment Protection Agency, the basic principle of Sweden's right of public access is 'Do not disturb, do not destroy.' After reading the pamphlet this organisation has produced, this principle is elaborated to:
Respect others privacy, camp anywhere for no more than 24 hours as long as it is not in someone's backyard, take your litter home, do not take anything that has economic value- trees, crops, bark, acorns(animal feed)- do not hunt or fish unless it is in the sea or permisson has been granted. You may camp, swim, pick berries and perform a host of other activities including travelling by boat on lakes, watercourses and the sea.
Ah, River Access.
In the UK access is granted, often under restrictive conditions, to 2% of England's waterways. When I describe this to my Norwegian friends they look at me with incomprehension. They ask "does the landowner own the water also?" In Norway and Sweden you may paddle on any waterway. I think this applies to most of Europe too. Click here for a link to the River Access Uk campain and get involved. Scroll halfway down the page and log your support. Write to your MP. Talk to landowners and fishermen.
"Be the change you want to see in the world." Ghandi.
After several hours of writing, researching and realising that the English access situation really boils my piss, I felt that I needed some fresh air. I checked the temperature outside- around freezing- waxed my borrowed skis and headed out for a few hours. With all the snow that has fallen here lately- the most consistent below freezing temps and snowfall for 15 years- it was possible to start skiing right from the front door. I headed off down the road and was soon lost in the rhythms of classic cross country technique. I followed my nose down the road out of Levanger for 30 mins, remaining within boundaries, trammelled by the edges of life. Then... I remembered that I could ski almost wherever I wanted, as long as I kept away from homes and buildings. At the next opportunity I simply turned right and was away over the fields, through 6 to 8 inches of heavy powder. I felt nervous with this new-found freedom. I wasn't on a right of way. Surely someone was going to step out and shout at me, turn me around, mayby let fly a barrel of bird-shot over my head.
Flakes cold on my face. Swish swish, swish swish. No fences. White infinity. Freedom.